رد
 

لكي كل الشكر
دمتي

اخي ميت حزن

ارجوا منك الالتزام بالقوانين ، بحيث قمت بتخصيص موضوع للطلبات لكي لا يتشتت الباحثين عن المواضيع ..

هنااااااا قُم بكتابة طلباتك دائما

ولك ولحوراء الظاهرة جزيل الشكر :)

رد
 

ان شاء الله

مرحبا اخي,,
إن شاء الله كل التقارير بتكون جاهزة بكرا,

رد
 

هلا اختي
ان شاء الله
ومشكرة
ادامك الله

رد
 

الف الف الف شكر
اختي
شكرا ع هذاالجهد
ادامك الله تقبلي مني جزيل الاحترام
دمتي :thumbup1:

تعالووو دشووو بسلاعه ضروري للغايه
 

هلا شخباركم
:S_019::S_019::S_019:

هع هع صادوه
:S_018::yeah::S_018:
مافي شي ضروري :yawn:

اريد منكم طلب صغنون:helpsmilie::helpsmilie:
اريدكم تدورولي معومات :shiny::lock:عن

Advantages & disadvantage OF hospital information system

لاني حوليت وما حصلت خخخ واريد اسلم البروجكت :santa_1::santa_1:

بااايات :compress::compress:
اتمنى انه حد يعبرني:helpsmilie::helpsmilie::helpsmilie::helpsmi lie::helpsmilie:

إن شاء الله عزيزتي..

هذا طلبج عزيزتي

Overview of Hospital Information Systems

Information technology has made a significant impact on the healthcare sector. The past decade has witnessed the foray of numerous information systems and their resultant products into the hospital scenario. The number of investments in computers and types of hospital systems has increased. This is because paper medical records are cumbersome, bulky to use and difficult to manage. On the other hand digital records are much easier to handle and improve the workflow efficiency by integrating various tasks.


The ultimate objective is to build a network of interdependent centers such as the clinical laboratory, radiology department, pharmacy, and so on in order to effectively meet the needs arising within the hospital. Despite the fact that these individual centers are autonomous, they are interdependent in terms of delivering services and to ensure effectiveness of providing care. All this can be achieved through hospital information systems (HIS) that have formed the cornerstone of today’s modern hospital.


A Hospital Information System (HIS) can be defined as a computerized system that is designed to meet all the information needs within a hospital. This includes diverse data types such as patient information, billing, finance and accounting, staffing and scheduling, pharmacy ordering, pre******ion handling, supplies, inventory, maintenance and orders management, diagnostic reports related to laboratory, radiology and patient monitoring as well as providing decision support.



Functional Model of a Hospital Information System.

http://www.asianhhm.com/Knowledge_ba...ion_system.gif
Picture Credit: Frost & Sullivan


Information requirements can be grouped as:

• Operational requirements, which include up-to-date factual information that are necessary for day-to-day tasks
• Planning requirements that comprise of short- and long-term decisions about patient care and decisions about hospital management
• ********ation requirements such as maintenance of records, accreditation and legal records

From admission to diagnostic and medical support services, the modern healthcare centers rely on wide range of software applications. Some of the distinctive advantages of HIS include improved quality of patient care, improved communications within the hospital, increased productivity, reduced costs and reduced chances of errors and the enhanced ability to track patient records. Today HIS and electronic medical records (EMR) have become the minimum prerequisites for delivering quality healthcare


Current Industry Scenario
Healthcare costs have been increasing and the demand for reasonably priced high quality services is also on the rise. Effectiveness of a hospital or nursing home depends on the efficiency of its operations and management systems. Some of the major factors determining the efficacy of a health institution include patient care management and patient satisfaction. In order to meet these requirements there has been the growing need to implement hospital information systems.


Healthcare is estimated to be one of the key industries fuelling the software industry growth over the next five years. According to reports by IDC the North American healthcare industry would be spending more than 5 billion on software products each year. Small to midsize companies have shown relative success in niche markets catering to a single or a small number of application modules. However with mergers, acquisitions and alliances in the HIS industry, the coming years will see an increasing trend of larger companies dominating smaller companies in order to emphasize the benefits of one stop shopping. IDC estimates that healthcare IT would be driving North America's software industry through 2009 and predicts that investments would increase to USD 156 billion in 2009. According to IDC, the increase in IT adoption in the healthcare vertical market will represent a 9.7 percent CAGR for packaged applications, infrastructure software, and application development and deployment software.


The healthcare industry has witnessed an increased spending on IT with most of the hospitals and healthcare organizations shifting to electronically-based information systems. Gartner predicts that the US spending on healthcare IT is estimated to be close to $ 40 billion in 2005 and is growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7%. A large chunk of this spending was on security and compliance measures such as HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act). By year-end 2005, almost all care-delivery organizations that have not upgraded their information systems to meet HIPAA requirements have been enforced to make advancements.


According to a Frost & Sullivan report, the European HIS market was valued at USD 3.1 billion in 2003 and is estimated to be worth $6.3 billion by 2010. This estimation is based on projected hospital spending patterns for information technology and the competitive makeup consists of firms developing and marketing solutions designed for hospitals and related organisations such as general physician clinics, and so on.


In the Asia-Pacific region, numerous HIS implementations have taken place across various hospitals in Australia, Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Malaysia. However India and China have been lagging behind in terms of technology adoption. India undoubtedly is the hub of HIS software and development activity but Indian hospitals have been very late in realizing the advantages of information technology.


Scope and Methodology

Scope
This research service reviews advances in hospital information systems (HIS). It provides information on healthcare organizations, companies, and government institutions involved in developing and implementing HIS. A summary of key patents will give an insight into notable activities, technology trends, and major players involved in the development and application of hospital information systems.


On a macro level this research service provides an industry-wide perspective on promising areas related to HIS with core focus on electronic medical records, radiology information systems, administrative modules, financial modules and integrated information systems.


This analysis reviews technologies that will change the landscape of HIS industry, and includes coverage of the key developers (vendors) and their developments. The study distinguishes itself by focusing on user concerns by examining the practical and pragmatic applications of emerging HIS software package applications.


This research goes far beyond merely exploring and forecasting overall technology trends. It focuses on examining the healthcare IT industry and applications that drive the larger markets. Frost & Sullivan provides a dual focus by discovering the trends of the vendor and the needs of the user communities.


This research service not only examines the best practices and other qualitative aspects of organizations in this industry, but also provides information on the relevant drivers, restraints, and challenges within the major technology sectors. Briefly, this research service provides the following: The outcome of this study is presented as segments and chapters accordingly. For convenience, this study has been categorized into three main segments—Technology Analysis, Technology Adoption Factor Analysis, Assessment of Research and Innovation in HIS. The research service also provides the following:

• A summary of key patents that will give insight into notable activities and important players.
• A report on technology drivers, restraints as well as challenges in the way of commercial success.
• A detailed list of key contacts in the field, including names, titles, addresses, phone numbers, e-mail ids, and URLs.

Furthermore, Frost & Sullivan technology awards have been presented in appreciation of the distinguishing work accomplished by the award recipient. The focus of this research service is global with key focus on the North American and European markets. There are certain overlaps in terms of work being profiled under technologies and applications, with an effort to have the best fit according to the information available.


Methodology
To provide a thorough analysis of each topic, Technical Insights’ analysts perform a review of patents to become familiar with the major developers and commercial players and their processes. Building on the patent search, the analysts review abstracts to identify key scientific and technical papers that provide insights into key industry participants and the technical processes on which they work.


The analysts then create a detailed questionnaire with ******* created to address the research objectives of the study, which functions as a guide during the interview process. While the analysts use structured questionnaires to guarantee coverage of all the desired issues, they also conduct interviews in a conversational style. This approach results in a more thorough exchange of views with the respondents, and offers greater insight into the relevant issues than more structured interviews may provide.


The analysts conduct primary research with the key industry participants and technology developers to obtain the required *******. Interviews are completed with sources located throughout the world, in universities, national laboratories, governmental and regulatory bodies, trade associations, and end user companies, among other key organizations.


Our analysts contact the major commercial players to find out about the advantages and disadvantages of processes and the drivers and challenges behind technologies and applications. Our analysts talk to the principal developers, researchers, engineers, business developers, analysts, strategic planners, and marketing experts, among other professionals.


The project management and research team reviews and analyzes the research data that are gathered and adds its recommendations to the draft of the final study. Having conducted both published studies and custom proprietary research covering many types of new and emerging technology activities as well as worldwide industry analysis, the management and research team adds its perspective and experience to provide an accurate, timely analysis.

مساعد في كتابة Essay
 

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

لو سمحتوا .. اريد مساعدكم في كتابةClassifition Essay
في موضوع المواصلات حديثا وقديما ..
Transportion

I need it Today , if you can

thanx

تمام عزيزتي ولا يهمك..

طلبج عزيزتي

Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one location to another. Transport is performed by various modes, such as air, rail, road and water.
The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Infrastructure consists of the fixed installations necessary for transport, and may be roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and pipelines or terminals such as airports, railway stations, bus stations and seaports. Vehicles traveling on the network include automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, people and aircraft. Operations deal with the way the vehicles are operated, and the procedures set for this purpose including the financing, legalities and policies. In the transport industry, operations, and ownership of infrastructure, are both public and private, depending on the country and mode.
Passenger transport may be public or private. Freight transport has become focused on containerization, while bulk transport is used for large volumes or durable items. Transport plays an important part in economic growth and globalization, but has a deteriorizing impact on the environment. While it is heavily subsidized by governments, good planning of transport is essential to make traffic flow, and restrain urban sprawl

[edit] History

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...llock_team.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/skins/co...gnify-clip.png
Bullock team hauling wood in Australia


Main article: History of transport
Throughout history, new transport technology has been one of the key elements to foster a larger world and better commerce. The development has allowed larger quantities to be sent longer distances, at higher speed and at a lower cost. From nature humans are capable of transporting themselves by walking, though from time immemorial animals have been domesticated for labor and transport. Inventions such as the wheel and sled helped make animal transport more efficient, with the introduction of vehicles. Also water transport, including rowed and sailed vessels, dates back to time immemorial, and was the only efficient way to transport large quantities or over large distances prior to the industrial revolution. Because of water transport's importance, most settlements were located at intersections of bodies of water.
The industrial revolution saw a number of inventions fundamentally change transport. With telegraphy, communication became instant and independent of transport. The invention of the steam engine, closely followed by its application in rail transport made land transport independent of human or animal muscles; both speed and capacity exploded, helping to allow specialization through the location of manufacturing being independent of natural resources. The 19th century also saw the development of the steam ship, making global transport The development of the combustion engine and the automobile at the turn into the 20th century, road transport became more viable, allowing the introduction of mechanical private transport. In 1903 flight was invented, and after World War I it became a fast was to transport people and express goods over long distances.[8]
After World War II, the automobile and airlines took higher shares of transport, reducing rail and water to freight and short-haul passenger. Spaceflight was launched in the 1950s, with rapid growth until the 1970s, when interest dwindled. In the 1950s, the introduction of containerization gave massive efficiency gains in freight transport, permitting globalization.[9] At the same time, high-speed rail in Asia and Europe started taking passengers on long-haul routes from airlines, after the introduction of the Shinkansen in 1964

مشكوووووووووووووووووووووووووووووووووووره حيييييييييييييييييييل أختي
واعذريني تعبتك معاي

وفقك الله..

اقتباس:
المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة النظره الخجوله http://www.hesnoman.com/vb/img_hesn2...s/viewpost.gif
مشكوووووووووووووووووووووووووووووووووووره حيييييييييييييييييييل أختي
واعذريني تعبتك معاي

وفقك الله..



العفو غاليتي هذا واجبنا.

السلآم عليكم ورحمة الله..

يسلموو بيسآآن ع الجهوود ..

ممكن بحث عن الكرة الارضية >.<

3 ايام ادور ما محصلة

لسيتج تفيديني

مقدمة +موضوع+خاتمةوالمصادر

ما ابيه دسم

صغنوون


واكوون شاااااااااااااااااكرة

وسمووحة

ثقلت علييييج..

؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟

ويينكم ياااعرب

سااااااااااااااااااااااااعدوني
 

السلام عليكم 00000000000 لو سمحتوا اريد اطلب برجراف عن الامراض التي من الممكن ان تكون ناتجه من استخدام السيارات او تكون السيارات سببا لحدوث هذه الامراض للانسان 000000000000 ارجوا الرد سريعا خلال هاليومين

السلام عليكم
أرجو أن تساعدوني فأنا أريد موضوع عن الاحتباس الحراري تعريفه ، أسبابه ونتائجه وطرق علاجه
وذلك في خلال هذين اليومين
ضروري ضروري ضروري
لا تتأخروا
وشكرا

اقتباس:
المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة بياض الروح http://www.hesnoman.com/vb/img_hesn2...s/viewpost.gif
السلام عليكم 00000000000 لو سمحتوا اريد اطلب برجراف عن الامراض التي من الممكن ان تكون ناتجه من استخدام السيارات او تكون السيارات سببا لحدوث هذه الامراض للانسان 000000000000 ارجوا الرد سريعا خلال هاليومين


هلا عزيزتي ..
قصدك برجراف بالانجليزي؟؟

أيوا برجراف بالنجليزي ..

اريد مساعده..
 

السلام عليكم..
لو سكحتوا اريد تقرير عن shark اريد كل المعلومات الكافيه..
ولكم جزيل الشكر..

مشكورين.......

Sharks (superorder Selachimorpha) are a type of fish with a full cartilaginous skeleton and a highly streamlined body. They respire with the use of five to seven gill slits. Sharks have a covering of dermal denticles that protect their skin from damage and parasites and improve fluid dynamics. They have several sets of replaceable teeth.[1] Sharks range in size from the small dwarf lanternshark, Etmopterus perryi, a deep sea species of only 17 centimetres (7 in) in length, to the whale shark, Rhincodon typus, the largest fish, which grows to a length of approximately 12 metres (39 ft) and which feeds only on plankton, squid, and small fish through filter feeding.
The bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, is the best known of several species that swim in both

Skeleton

The skeleton of a shark is very different from that of bony fish and terrestrial vertebrates. Sharks and other cartilaginous fish (skates and rays) have skeletons made from cartilage, which is a flexible and dense connective tissue, but they are still considered bones. They function in the same way as human bones do. Like its relatives, rays and skates, the shark's jaw is not attached to the cranium. The jaw's surface, like its vertebrae and gill arches, is a skeletal element that needs extra support due to its heavier exposure to physical stress and its need for extra strength. It has therefore a layer of unique and tiny hexagonal plates called "tesserae", crystal blocks of calcium salts arranged as a mosaic.
This gives these areas much of the same strength found in real and much heavier bony tissue.
Generally there is only one layer of tesserae in sharks, but the jaws of large specimens, such as the bull shark, tiger shark, and the great white shark, have been found to be covered with two to three layers or more, depending on the body size. The jaws of a large white shark may even have up to five layers.
In the rostrum (snout), the cartilage can be spongy and flexible to absorb the power of impacts.
The fin skeletons are elongated and supported with soft and unsegmented rays named ceratotrichia, filaments of elastic protein resembling the horny keratin in hair and feathers.

Respiration



Like other fish, sharks extract oxygen from seawater as it passes over their gills. Shark gill slits are not covered like other fish, but are in a row behind its head. A modified slit called a spiracle is located just behind the eye; the spiracle assists the water intake during respiration and even plays a major role in bottom dwelling sharks, but is also reduced or missing in active pelagic sharks.[4] While moving, water passes through the mouth of the shark and over the gills — this process is known as "ram ventilation". While at rest, most sharks pump water over their gills to ensure a constant supply of oxygenated water. A small subset of shark species that spend their life constantly swimming, a behaviour common in pelagic sharks, have lost the ability to pump water through their gills. These species are obligate ram ventilators and would presumably asphyxiate if unable to stay in motion. (Obligate ram ventilation is also true of some pelagic bony fish species.)The respiration and circulation process begins when deoxygenated blood travels to the shark's two-chambered heart. Here the blood is pumped to the shark's gills via the ventral aorta artery where it branches off into afferent brachial arteries. Reoxygenation takes place in the gills and the reoxygenated blood flows into the efferent brachial arteries, which come together to form the dorsal aorta. The blood flows from the dorsal aorta throughout the body. The deoxygenated blood from the body then flows through the posterior cardinal veins and enters the posterior cardinal sinuses. From there blood enters the ventricle of the heart and the cycle repeats

Buoyancy

Unlike bony fish, sharks do not have gas-filled swim bladders for buoyancy. Instead, sharks rely on a large liver, filled with oil that contains squalene. The buoyant liver may constitute up to 30% of their body mass[6]. Its effectiveness is limited, so sharks employ dynamic lift to maintain depth and sink when they stop swimming. Sandtiger sharks are also known to gulp air from the surface and store it in their stomachs, using the stomach as a swim bladder.
Because of this, most sharks need to constantly swim in order to breathe and cannot sleep very long, if at all, or they will sink. However certain shark species, like the nurse shark, have spiracles that force water across their gills allowing them to remain stationary at rest on the ocean bottom.
Some sharks, if inverted or stroked on the nose, enter a natural state of tonic immobility. Researchers have used this condition to handle sharks safely..

Osmoregulation

In contrast to bony fish, the blood and other tissue of sharks and Chondrichthyes in general is isotonic to their marine environments because of the high concentration of urea and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), allowing them to be in osmotic balance with the seawater. This adaptation prevents most sharks from surviving in fresh water, and they are therefore confined to a marine environment. A few exceptions to this rule exist, such as the bull shark, which has developed a way to change its kidney function to excrete large amounts of urea.
When a shark dies the urea is broken down to ammonia by bacteria — because of this, the dead body will gradually start to smell strongly of ammonia.

If u want more information vist this page ( Shark) All the best for u

لالا بس خلاص الي بغيته تم..
وثانكس ع المعلومات الحلوه..

Unemployment occurs when a person is available to work and currently seeking work, but the person is without work.[1] The prevalence of unemployment is usually measured using the unemployment rate, which is defined as the percentage of those in the labor force who are unemployed. The unemployment rate is also used in economic studies and economic indexes such as the United States' Conference Board's Index of Leading Indicators as a measure of the state of the macroeconomics.
There are a variety of different causes of unemployment, and disagreement on which causes are most important. Different schools of economic thought suggest different policies to address unemployment. Monetarists for example, believe that controlling inflation to facilitate growth and investment is more important, and will lead to increased employment in the long run. Keynesians on the other hand emphasize the smoothing out of business cycles by manipulating aggregate demand. There is also disagreement on how exactly to measure unemployment. Different countries experience different levels of unemployment; the USA currently experiences lower unemployment levels than the European Union,[2][3] and it also changes over time (e.g. the Great depression) throughout economic cycles.

ممكن طلب سريع
 

السلام عليكم والرحمة

ممكن براجراف باللغة الانجليزية عن مهنة التدريس

ضروري اليوم


جزاكم الله خيرا

إن شاء الله أخوي بحاول أجهزه اليوم

تم ارسال طلبك أخي عن طريق الرسالة الخاصة.
موفق

مشكورة حبيبتي ,,,,,,, يعطيك العافية

ترى أني أنثى مش ذكر

ساعدوني ولكم الأجر ... ضروري خلال اليوم
 

الي مشرفي قسم اللغة الانجليزية ... طلب مستعجل جدا
 

ممكن أسايمنت بالانجليزي عن شركة الغاز أو الشركة العمانية الهندية للأسمدة بحيث يتضمن معلومات عن الشركة من حيث الانتاج والتصدير ..... الخ

اختي ..روحي في جوجل وكتبي translation

وترجمي البرجراف كامل ...بس بتكون فيه شوي تغييرات في المعنى ..وحاولي تراجعيه بنفسج

أو انتظري ..يمكن الاخت حوراء الحصن تفيدك أكثر

موفقه باذن الله............

مرحباً أختي,,
إن شاء الله بنساعدك,,
عطيني مهلة لحد الليل وبيكون الموضوع جاهز.